Rwanda capital gains tax calculator
Rwanda charges 10% of the gain on shares, licences and similar rights from 29 May 2025 (5% before), 30% on commercial immovable property, and a separate 2% or 2.5% local tax on the sale value of immovable property. RSE-listed securities and collective-investment units are exempt.
Work out the tax on a share, crypto or property disposal from your dates and costs. Enter sales by hand or import your exchange CSVs, and the calculator splits multi-parcel sales under FIFO, reads each sale’s own date across the 29 May 2025 rate change, and shows the arithmetic behind the final figure. Everything stays in your browser.
Rates current as of 2026-09-19, from the Rwanda Revenue Authority’s income tax materials and the sources each record cites.
Current rules
The rates behind the number
The rates by year
| Tax year | Shares, licences and similar rights | Commercial immovable property | RSE-listed securities and CIS units | Tax on the sale of immovable property (on the value) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 5% of the gain | 30% of the gain | Exempt | 2% or 2.5% after a FRW 5,000,000 deduction |
| 2022 | 5% | 30% | Exempt | 2% or 2.5% after a FRW 5,000,000 deduction |
| 2023 | 5% | 30% | Exempt | 2% or 2.5% after a FRW 5,000,000 deduction |
| 2024 | 5% | 30% | Exempt | 2% or 2.5% after a FRW 5,000,000 deduction |
| 2025 | 5% to 28 May, 10% from 29 May | 30% | Exempt | 2% or 2.5% after a FRW 5,000,000 deduction |
| 2026 | 10% | 30% | Exempt | 2% or 2.5% after a FRW 5,000,000 deduction |
| 2027 (planning) | 10%, carried forward | 30%, carried forward | Exempt | 2% or 2.5% after a FRW 5,000,000 deduction |
Rules and exemptions
| Rule | Value |
|---|---|
| Shares, licences, debt instruments, options, guarantees and similar assets | 10% of the gain from 29 May 2025 (5% before); the gain is the selling or transfer price less the acquisition value |
| Listed shares and other securities on the Rwandan securities exchange, and collective-investment scheme units | Exempt from capital gains tax (article 38); a market and instrument rule with no holding period |
| Commercial immovable property (allocated to a business or for commercial use) | 30% of the gain, the rate the Big-4 and EAC sources report; the RRA's current handbook leaves the immovable-property gain to the business-income rules |
| A private dwelling | No capital gains tax; its sale value still pays the local tax below |
| Tax on the sale of immovable property | 2% of the sale value for commercial use where the seller is registered for income tax, 2.5% otherwise, after a FRW 5,000,000 deduction |
| Crypto | No dedicated Rwandan provision; the calculator applies the financial-asset rate |
| Losses | Each class's losses net only that class's gains in the same year; no carry-forward and no cross-class offset |
| Capital gains tax deadline | Declared and paid within 15 days after the month of the sale or transfer; the annual income tax return is due by 31 March of the following year |
Tables are drawn from the source records retrieved 2026-09-19; each links back to the authority page above. The 30% on commercial immovable property follows the rate PwC and the EAC capital-gains matrix report, because the RRA’s current handbook describes the capital gains article as covering shares and similar rights and leaves the immovable-property gain to the business-income rules. Crypto has no dedicated Rwandan provision: the calculator applies the financial-asset rate.
Questions
Rwanda capital gains questions
How much is capital gains tax in Rwanda?
Shares, licences, debt instruments, options, guarantees and similar assets pay 10% of the gain for disposals from 29 May 2025, and 5% before that date. A gain on commercial immovable property is charged at 30%, the rate PwC and the EAC capital-gains matrix report. A gain on listed shares and other securities traded on the Rwandan securities exchange, or on collective investment scheme units, is exempt under article 38 of the income tax law.
Is there a separate tax when I sell property in Rwanda?
Yes. A local-government tax is charged on the sale VALUE of immovable property: 2% for commercial-use property where the seller is registered for income tax, and 2.5% where the seller is not registered, in each case on the balance after a FRW 5,000,000 deduction. It is a different base from the 30% charge on a commercial gain, and it applies whether or not the gain itself bears any capital gains tax. Land and buildings are both covered.
Do losses reduce the tax?
Within a class, a loss reduces that class's gains for the same year. The RRA materials state no offset between different asset classes and no capital-gains loss carry-forward, so a loss on one class cannot cut a gain on another, and nothing moves to a later year.
What is the capital gains tax rate in Rwanda?
The rate is 10% of the gain. Article 36 was replaced by Law No. 014/2025 of 27/05/2025 (Official Gazette Special of 29/05/2025), which reads: "The capital gain tax rate is 10% of the capital gain"; article 37 was replaced to add licences, debt instruments, options and guarantees, and article 8 brings the law into force on its publication date, 29 May 2025. Source: https://www.rra.gov.rw/fileadmin/user_upload/Law_amending_the_2022_Income_Tax_May_2025.pdf
Which assets does the capital gains tax cover?
Capital gains tax is charged on the direct or indirect sale or transfer of shares, licences, debt instruments, options, guarantees and similar assets, and the gain is the difference between the acquisition value and the selling or transfer price.
When is capital gains tax declared and paid?
The 15th-day rule: the resident company whose shareholding structure changed with the transaction, or the seller or buyer for the other instruments, declares and pays the tax within 15 days after the month in which the sale or transfer occurred (article 37; RRA Tax Handbook 2025, Capital Gains Tax, page 290). Source: https://www.rra.gov.rw/fileadmin/user_upload/Law_amending_the_2022_Income_Tax_May_2025.pdf and https://www.rra.gov.rw/fileadmin/Folder_for_2025/RRA_Tax_Handbook_2025.pdf
Which Rwandan gains are exempt?
Exempt: capital gain from the sale or transfer of listed shares and other securities on the securities exchange operating in Rwanda, and capital gain from the sale or transfer of shares or units of collective investment schemes (article 38). The exemption is a market and instrument rule, not a threshold and not a holding-period test: it does not reach an unlisted or off-exchange transfer, and a fund, trust or token that is not legally a collective investment scheme unit is not covered. Source: https://www.rra.gov.rw/fileadmin/user_upload/Income_Tax_law_of_2022.pdf
How is commercial immovable property taxed?
Commercial immovable property bears 30% of the gain. The RRA's current materials describe the capital-gains article as covering shares and similar rights only, and immovable property allocated to a business is taxable income of the business under articles 13(5) and 19, with the personal-income scale topping out at 30% and the corporate rate 30% when the 2022 law was enacted (28% for companies from 15 September 2023). PwC's Rwanda summary states that "capital gains arising from the sale of commercial immovable property are subject to tax at the rate of 30%" and the EAC capital-gains matrix records 30% for Rwanda. The calculator applies that 30% to a gain on commercial-use immovable property and flags the reading in its page copy. Sources: https://taxsummaries.pwc.com/rwanda/corporate/other-taxes and https://www.eac.int/financial/eac-tax-matrices/income-tax-capital-gains-tax
What is the tax on the sale of immovable property?
Tax on sale of immovable property (a local-government tax, separate from the capital-gains article): 2% of the sale value of immovable property for commercial use where the seller is a taxpayer registered for income tax, and 2.5% of the sale value of immovable property sold by a person not registered for income tax, in each case on the balance after deduction of FRW 5,000,000 which is not subject to tax. The 2% paid by a registered commercial seller is a deductible expense for income tax. The tax is value-based, not gain-based, and applies to land and buildings alike. Sources: https://www.rra.gov.rw/en/domestic-tax-services/local-government-taxes/default-title-1, the law of 14 September 2023 article 17 (https://www.minijust.gov.rw/index.php?eID=dumpFile&t=f&f=74585&token=a47c5459b0fc8a16732080484451fbc6d7a6e134) and the RRA Tax Handbook 2025 pages 312-313
Is there an annual allowance or indexation in Rwanda?
Nothing in the reviewed RRA materials states an annual capital-gains allowance, an inflation indexation of the acquisition value, or an annual revaluation schedule. No annual exemption is set in this record. Source: https://www.rra.gov.rw/fileadmin/Folder_for_2025/RRA_Tax_Handbook_2025.pdf
Is there a holding-period rule in Rwanda?
No holding-period rule was located. Neither a 'more than N years' nor an 'at least N years' test applies to the financial-asset gain or to the commercial-property gain; the exemption for securities on the Rwandan securities exchange is a market rule, not a time test. Source: https://www.rra.gov.rw/fileadmin/user_upload/Income_Tax_law_of_2022.pdf
How do capital losses work in Rwanda?
Losses: the base is the selling or transfer price less the acquisition price. The official current materials do not state that a loss on one asset class offsets a gain on another class, and no capital-gains loss carry-forward period was located, so the calculator nets gains and losses within a class only and carries nothing forward. Source: https://www.rra.gov.rw/fileadmin/Folder_for_2025/RRA_Tax_Handbook_2025.pdf
How is crypto taxed in Rwanda?
Crypto: no crypto-specific provision, rate, holding-period test or RRA classification was located. A token may fall within 'similar assets' only where its legal and administrative classification supports that reading, so the calculator's crypto card applies the financial-asset rate and flags the treatment as provisional. Source: https://www.rra.gov.rw/fileadmin/Folder_for_2025/RRA_Tax_Handbook_2025.pdf
Are the two property charges on the same base?
Immovable property is charged on two different bases and the calculator keeps them apart: the 30% commercial-property charge is on the gain, while the 2%/2.5% tax on sale of immovable property is on the sale value after the FRW 5,000,000 deduction. Source: https://www.rra.gov.rw/en/domestic-tax-services/local-government-taxes/default-title-1
What currency and tax year does Rwanda use?
Currency: Rwandan franc (RWF, written FRW on RRA materials). Amounts in this record are in RWF. The tax year is the calendar year; the capital gains tax itself is declared and paid per transaction within 15 days after the month of the sale or transfer, while the annual income tax return is due by 31 March of the following year. Sources: https://www.rra.gov.rw/fileadmin/user_upload/INCOME_TAX__2025.pdf and https://www.rra.gov.rw/fileadmin/Folder_for_2025/RRA_Tax_Handbook_2025.pdf
Does VAT apply to a share disposal?
A disposal of shares or rights is outside the scope of VAT, which is 18% for taxable goods and services. Source: https://www.rra.gov.rw/fileadmin/user_upload/VAT__EN_2025.pdf